X-Nico

99 unusual facts about islam


2000s in Tunisia

The religion is Muslim (98%), with 1% Christian, and 1% Jewish and other.

A Way of Life

She is involved in constant confrontations with her Turkish Muslim neighbour Hassan Osman, and is so desperate to support her baby that she will committ the most shocking acts.

Abd al-Rahman al-Rafai

In this book he showed his political views by writing about issues such as constitutional rule and national independence, rule of law and human rights from different aspects of Islam.

Abu Bakr Ibn Mujāhid

Abū Bakr Ibn Mujāhid (Arabic: ابن مجاهد) (Full name: أبو بكر أحمد بن موسى بن العباس بن مجاهد التميمي) (born 245AH/859-860CE in Baghdad and died 324AH/936CE) was a scholar of Islamic studies.

Abu Sufyan ibn Harb

He was a staunch opponent of the Islamic prophet Muhammad before accepting Islam and becoming a Muslim warrior later in his life.

Adem Yze

He is also noted for being one of very few Muslims to play Australian rules professionally, although he does not actively practise Islam.

Al-Ru'asi

Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Abi Sara Ali Al-Ru'asi (d. 187AH/802CE) was an early convert from Judaism to Islam and a scholar of the Arabic language.

Allama

Allamah, an honorary title carried by the highest scholars of Islamic thought.

Ansar al-Islam

On May 4, 2010 Abu Abdullah al-Shafi'i, Ansar al-Islam's leader since Mullah Krekar left for Norway in 2003, was captured by US forces in Baghdad.

Ansar-ul-Islam

Ansar ul-Islam: a Barelvi Sunni Muslim group in the Khyber Agency, Federally Administered Tribal Areas, Pakistan

Antisemitism in the Arab world

The rise of political Islam during the 1980s and afterwards provided a new mutation of Islamic antisemitism, which gave the hatred of Jews a religious component.

Arab Muslims

Arab Muslims are adherents of the religion of Islam who identify linguistically, culturally, or genealogically as Arabs.

Awlad Mana

Since the introduction of Islam to the region in the 17th century, most of the Zaghawa have gradually converted to Islam.

Azov Cossack Host

During the Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829), the Danubian Sich Cossacks, previously living in exile in Ottoman controlled Danube Delta were split in loyalty towards the Orthodox Russian Empire, who they left in 1775 and Islamic Ottoman Empire, which was about to start another war with Russia.

Benjamin Wiker

In this book, Wiker aims to show how Darwinism by its very nature completely undermines the ethical foundations of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam because its materialist cosmology is incompatible with any concept of natural law.

Bhakti movement

The movement is closely related to Islamic Sufism, which appeared around the same time: both advocated that a personal expression of devotion to God is the way to become at one with him.

Bigamy

According to feminist historian Sarah McDougall, the Christian European insistence on monogamy and its enforcement arose as a consequence of 16th Century Islamic incursions into Central Europe and the advent of European colonialism within the Americas, Africa and Asia, which exposed European Christians to cultures that practised polygamy.

Birth in Benin

Religions practiced in Benin include the following: Christian (42.8%), Muslim (24.4%), Vodoun (17.3%), and “other” (15.5%).

Bujangga Manik

The script used in the manuscript is the usual Old Sundanese variety of the Indonesian family of Indic syllabaries, which fell into disuse after the penetration of Islam into western part of Java island.

Censorship in Islamic societies

When an anti-Islamic movie trailer titled "Innocence of Muslims" was uploaded to YouTube, it was perceived as denigration of the prophet Muhammad and it culminated in demonstrations and violent protests against the video.

Chain pump

From the 13th century onwards, the Chinese also used windmills (adopted from the Islamic world) to power square-pallet chain pumps.

Chereshovo, Blagoevgrad Province

As of 2010 it had a population of 270 people all of them Muslim of pomak origin.

Child sexuality

In Islam, mixing between men and women is strongly discouraged, especially when in private.

Christian countercult movement

Some also denounce non-Christian religions such as Islam, Wicca, Paganism, New Age groups, Buddhism, Hinduism, and other polytheistic religions.

Christianity in the 15th century

Islam recognized Jesus as a great prophet and tolerated Christians as another People of the Book.

Church of St. Edmund, Dudley

The school building survives, however, and has been used by Muslims since 1978 as Dudley Central Mosque.

Crossway Baptist Church

He has written three books including Mosques and Miracles, a book about Islam written from a Christian perspective and two books on prayer.

Demographics of Albania

In the 2011 census the declared religious affiliation of the population was: 56.7% Muslims, 13.79% undeclared, 10.03% Catholics, 6.75% Orthodox believers, 5.49% other, 2.5% Atheists, 2.09% Bektashis and 0.14% other Christians.

Demography of Cumbria

Cumbria is likely to be the only county in the United Kingdom where Buddhists constitute the second largest religion, where most areas of the country have Islam as the second largest religion.

Dianne Haskett

One of the speakers was Rev. Miguel Sanchez of the London Gospel Temple, who prayed for deliverance "from the darkness and deception of the spirit of Islam".

Dolly Shahine

In 2008 speculated by rumours she drew controversy and criticism that she had converted to Islam in order to obtain a divorce from her Catholic husband, Lebanese businessman Sami Qalib.

Duke Islamic Studies Center

The Duke Islamic Studies Center, also known as DISC, is an inter-departmental, cross-cultural center at Duke University dedicated to the study of Islam and Muslims.

Enjoining good and forbidding wrong

Enjoining good and forbidding wrong, (Arabic: al-amr bi 'l-maʿruf wa 'n-nahy ʿan al-munkar), is an Islamic doctrine mentioned in the Qur'an.

Expectations from the Muslim Woman

Expectations from the Muslim Woman, also called Our Expectations of the Muslim Woman, is regarded as one of Ali Shariati's most important lectures referring to women's rights in Islam.

Family tree of Shaiba ibn Hashim

Shaiba ibn Hashim was the grandfather of Prophet Muhammad, who was the cousin and father-in-law of Ali ibn Abi Talib, who was the fourth and last of the Rightly Guided Caliphs according to Sunni Muslims and the first Imam according to Shia Muslims.

Fatah al-Islam

On December 7, 2006 Le Monde reported that a top UN official had been informed by the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) representative in Lebanon, Abbas Zaki, of a plot by Fatah al-Islam to assassinate 36 anti-Syrian figures in Lebanon.

Fedayeen al-Islam

The group also claimed responsibility for a suicide bombing that targeted a Shia mosque in Chakwal, Punjab province.

Geneive Abdo

Abdo previously worked at the United Nations Alliance of Civilizations, a project created under former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan to defuse tension between Western and Islamic societies.

George II of Georgia

Aghsartan I, king of Kakheti, went to the sultan to declare his submission, and in token of loyalty embraced Islam, thus winning a Seljuk protection against the aspirations of the Georgian crown.

Google Groups

Google Groups was the first of several websites to be blocked by the Turkish Government in rapid succession solely for including material which allegedly offended Islam.

Gordiy Sablukov

Gordiy Semionovich Sablukov (1804-1880) was Russian expert on Islam.

Hasan al-Askari

He was very knowledgeable and despite being confined to house arrest for almost his entire life, Hasan al-Askari was able to teach others about Islam, and even compiled a commentary on the Qur'an that would be used by later scholars.

Herman Philipse

His 1995 Atheist Manifesto was republished in an expanded edition in 2004 with a foreword by Ayaan Hirsi Ali, who partly credits the book for her shift from Islam to atheism.

Holiest sites in Sunni Islam

According to the teachings of Islam, God, in the Quran, used the word mosque when referring to the sites established by ʾIbrāhīm (Abraham) and his progeny as houses of worship to God centuries before the revelation of the Quran.

Igala people

Igala practice a number of different religions, including animism, Christianity, and Islam.

International reactions to the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy

Shia cleric Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani condemned the cartoons but also commented about militants who discredit Islam by their acts.

Ishq

In religious context, Ishq, divided into three kinds, is a very important but rather complex concept of Sufi tradition of Islam.

Islam and blasphemy

They dispute about whether behavior that is deemed blasphemous amounts to a rejection of Islam, that is, apostasy.

Islam's Response to Contemporary Issues

The address was attended by 800 distinguished guests including Edward Mortimer who presided the session and Hugo Summerson, Member of Parliament.

Islamic ethics

Many muslim theologians see the Golden Rule implicit in some verses of the Qur'an and in the Hadith.

The concepts of welfare and pension were introduced in early Islamic law as forms of Zakat (charity), one of the Five Pillars of Islam, since the time of the Abbasid caliph Al-Mansur in the 8th century.

Islamic marital jurisprudence

Islam forbids homosexuality in Qur'anic injunctions and Islamic tradition.

Islamic view of angels

Lūṭ (Lot) also had angels come to him to warn him of the impending doom of his people.

Israfil or Israafiyl (Judeo-Christian, Raphael), is an archangel in Islam who will blow the trumpet twice at the end of time.

Islamization of Palestine

It was a long process that included immigration of Arabs and Muslims from other regions, as well as gradual conversion to Islam by some of the indigenous Christian, Samaritan and Jewish population of the area.

Jangnama

In Kashmiri, jangnama refers to epic poetry generally; but jangnama also identifies a specific genre of poetry that deals with Islamic conquests.

Jaysh al-Islam

On 11 December 2013, al-Nusra Front and Jaysh al-Islam fighters entered the industrial town of Adra and targeted minority civilians, killing at least 32 Alawites, Christians, Druze and Ismailites.

Jonah Blank

He has also extensive knowledge and experience of the traditions and teachings of Hinduism, Islam and other religions in Asia.

Jurhum

Islamic tradition further holds that Hagar and Ishmael found a spring in Mecca, the Zamzam well, from which the Jurhum wanted to drink, and that after their ousting by the Khuza'a tribe, that the Jurhum collected the treasures dedicated to the Kaaba and destroyed the Zamzam well so that nobody would find it.

Kamptee

Buddhists, Hindus, Muslims, Christians, and Sikhs are well represented in Kampthi, with Buddhist, Hindus and Muslims being the majority.

Karl-Heinz Ohlig

He is the co-editor with Gerd Rudiger Puin of the book Die dunklen Anfänge. Neue Forschungen zur Entstehung und frühen Geschichte des Islam "The Hidden Origins of Islam: New Research Into Its Early History" (Hans Schiller Verlag, 2005/Prometheus Books 2008), which argues that Islam was not originally conceived as a distinct religion.

Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies

Being an academician orientalist, a new director made the KazISS analysis receive more academic character, more attention was paid to the issues of Islam.

Kurt Krenn

Krenn argued against Turkey's entrance into the European Union, warning against the 'islamisation' of Europe and calling Islam a "very aggressive kind of religion" that will not easily allow for the political unity with the Christian faith.

Liberal movements within Islam

The last two of these, Taha and Foda, were killed in the wake of claims of apostasy, while most of the others have been accused of apostasy by traditional Islamic scholars.

As such, they believe in the basic tenets of Islam, such as the Six Elements of Belief and the Five Pillars of Islam.

Liberalism Is a Mental Disorder

One chapter is dedicated to his criticisms of radical Islam, which he calls "Islamofascism".

Lord Asriel

The name Asriel could be derived from the Hebraic name Asriel/Azrael, who, in the Jewish and Muslim tradition is the family of Asriel and is mentioned in the counting of the tribes.

Madhhab

In the first 150 years of Islam, there were numerous madhhahib; several of the Sahābah ("companions" of Muhammad) are credited with founding their own.

Madrassas in Pakistan

Most madrassas in Pakistan cater to the dominant Sunni sect, having maximum Deobandi schools, with an estimated 4-10% madrassas serving the minority Shia population.

Marriage in Islam

In addition to the usual marriage until death or divorce, there is a different fixed-term marriage known as zawāj al-mutʻah ("Temporary marriage") permitted only by Twelvers (a branch of Shia Islam) for a pre-fixed period.

Maturidi

Both the Ash'aris and Maturidis follow occasionalism, a philosophy which refutes the basis for causality, as David Hume did in Europe many centuries later, but also proves the existence and nature of the Islamic belief of the tawhid (oneness of God) through formal logic.

Maude Cary

The outcome looked bleak as there was no Christian church founded and Islam was still the primary belief system within the whole of Morocco.

Minorities in Iraq

Although they are Muslims and Arabic-speakers, Afro-Iraqis also retain some cultural and religious traditions from their ancestral homeland.

Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet

The book gives a comparison between the three major monotheistic religions of Islam, Christianity and Judaism.

Mukhdoom Muhammad Hayat Bhatti

A Makhdoom is generally a respectable person who dedicated his whole life to Islam, the Quran and the Sunnah.

Multiperspectivalism

In his view, the marketplace of ideas is full of worldviews competing for the allegiance of each individual, and for some people, final allegiance to a system is due to sense experience, emotions, or political affiliation, while for others it is their particular religious tradition (Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, Bahá'í Faith, etc.) or secular philosophy (empiricism, rationalism, Marxism, postmodernism, etc.).

Nakhoda Masjid

The mosque was built as an imitation of the mausoleum of Mughal Emperor Akbar at Sikandra, Agra by Kutchi Memon Jamat, a small community of Sunni Muslim community from Kutch.

November 1828

Sun also draws on similarities between the liberation of the village and the Indonesian revolution, with representation by the Indonesian military and Islamic figures; both groups played a key role in the revolution.

Nursing in Islam

This undertaking had started during the development of Islam as a religion, a culture, and civilization.

Pakistanis in Spain

Islam is by far the most common religion among Pakistanis in Spain, and serves as an important marker of community belonging.

Patrice Lumumba Ford

He studied for three semesters in China, where he eventually converted to Islam.

Pazend

Following the fall of the Sassanids, after which Zoroastrianism came to be gradually supplanted by Islam, Pazend lost its purpose and soon ceased to be used for original composition.

Philip Jenkins

Jenkins went on to state that Islam, Judaism and Christianity had undergone a process he refers to as "holy amnesia" in which violence in sacred texts become symbolic action against one's sins.

Portuguese Inquisition

In Portuguese India, the Goa Inquisition also turned its attention to Indian converts from Hinduism or Islam who were thought to have returned to their original ways.

Put Your Lights On

Everlast converted to Islam in 1996, and the end of the song contains the words "La ilaha illa Allah", ("there is no god but Allah" in Arabic), the first part of the Shahada, the Islamic profession of faith.

Quran desecration

Respect for the written text of the Holy Quran is an important element of religious faith in Islam.

Religion in Latin America

Practitioners of the Judaism, Mormonism, Jehovah's Witness, Buddhist, Islamic, Hinduism, Bahá'í Faith, and Shinto denominations and religions also exercise in Latin America.

Riyad-us Saliheen Brigade of Martyrs

Riyad-us Saliheen (Russian: Риядус-Салихийн, also transliterated as Riyadus-Salikhin, Riyad us-Saliheyn or Riyad us-Salihiin) is the name of a small "martyr" (shahid) force of Islamic suicide attackers.

Ruslan Khuchbarov

Ruslan Tagirovich Khuchbarov (November 12, 1972 – September 3, 2004), was an Ingush man presumed to be the Islamic militant nicknamed "Polkovnik" (the Russian for Colonel) notorious for his leading role in the 2004 Beslan school hostage crisis.

Sabria Jawhar

She also argues for Saudi authorities to loosen male guardianship restrictions on women, but her position on women’s rights is framed within the context of Islam.

Sky Kingdom

Sky Kingdom attracted worldwide mass media attention in mid-2005, over concerns about efforts by the Malaysian government to suppress its followers as apostates from Islam.

About this time, four adherents were arrested for the crime of renouncing Islam, but they were later freed since as ex-Muslims Malaysia's sharia court no longer has jurisdiction over them.

Southern Ohio Correctional Facility

The main causes apparently were serious overcrowding and mismanagement of the facility and discontent in the general population that the authorities were going to force Muslim prisoners to undergo tuberculosis vaccinations in violation of their religious beliefs.

Sudan Revolutionary Front

The declaration of the SRF's formation was delayed until a disagreement between JEM and the other factions on the role of Islam in a post-revolutionary federal government was resolved.

Tamil Nadu under the Vijayanagar Empire

The Vijayanagar kingdom was founded by two brothers Harhara and Bukka who were ncaptured by the Emperor of Delhi, Muhammad bin Tughlaq and forcibly converted to Islam but later escaped and renounced their new faith and launched a crusade against the Muslim invaders.

Tarana-e-Milli

After a few years of writing Tarana-e-Hind, Iqbal presented the poem Tarana-e-Milli based on national patriotism but this time, he said that Islam is the land and Muslim is the nation.In the “Tarna-e-Hind” to “Tarana-e-Milli”, he also praised and complimented the Muslim community of all over the world.

Umm Shareek

Umm Shareek, a lady who accepted Islam, was made to stand under the hot sun for three days and was not allowed to drink water.

Umm Waraqa

Umm Waraqah was a contemporary of Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Women in Arab societies

The Hadiths in Bukhari suggest that Islam improved women's status, by the second Caliph Umar saying "We never used to give significance to ladies in the days of the Pre-lslamic period of ignorance, but when Islam came and Allah mentioned their rights, we used to give them their rights but did not allow them to interfere in our affairs", Book 77, Hadith 60, 5843, and Vol.


Abdul Ahad

Abd ul-Aḥad Dāwūd, name adopted by David Benjamin Keldani (1867–c.1940), Persian Catholic priest who converted to Islam

Abdulrazak Eid

Islam and ModernismMuhammad Abduh's Experience – The Iraqi Strategic Research Centre – Beirut and Baghdad, 2006.

Abu Taha al-Sudan

He is believed to have traveled to Southern Lebanon along with Saif al-Adel, Sayful Islam al-Masri, Abu Ja`far al-Masri and Abu Salim al-Masri, where he trained alongside Hezbollah.

Ahmad Shah Durrani

He declared a jihad (Islamic holy war) against the Marathas, and warriors from various Pashtun tribes, as well as other tribes such as the Baloch, Tajiks, and Muslims from South Asia answered his call.

Alfred Taban

On 30 October 2006, Taban was summoned and stated that he was liable for the content of a newspaper article dated 14 September 2006, which claimed that foreign minister, state minister for foreign affairs and the director of information and public relations, Lam Akol, are mouthpieces and perpetrators of genocide as well as Islamic extremists etc.

Architecture of Kerala

The Arabian Peninsula, the cradle of Islam also had direct trade contact with Kerala coast from very early times, as far as the time of Muhammad or even before.

Baby Pals

According to news reports, a mother who purchased the game for her child reported that the babies in the game say something that sounds like "Islam is the light" under certain circumstances.

Baron Headley

His cousin, the fifth Baron, was a prominent convert to Islam.

Battle of Mogadishu

Battle of South Mogadishu, a two-day armed clash in February, 2009, between the TFG and Hizbul Islam

Black Sea Region

Though the overwhelming majority is Turkish, the east of the region is also inhabited by the Laz, a people who speak a Georgian dialect and converted to Islam from Georgian Orthodoxy in the late Ottoman period as well as Muslim Georgians, also the Hemsin, Armenian converts to Islam, and Pontic Greeks, who converted to Islam in 17th century.

Bujangga Manik

It displays a marked influence from Javanese but does not contain one word which is tracable to Arabic, the language of Islam.

Carlos Andrés Segovia

Studies on the Rise of Islam and Various Other Topics in Memory of John Wansbrough.

Christianity in Saudi Arabia

Christians and other non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the cities of Mecca and Medina, Islam's holiest cities.

Crossroads to Islam: The Origins of the Arab Religion and the Arab State

The evidence presented by the authors effectively corroborate the view of other scholars, such as Fred Donner's historiographical work, John Wansbrough or Patricia Crone and Michael Cook's book Hagarism who on different grounds propose that Islam and the Qu'ran were not the work of Muhammad or the Arabic deity.

Diego Muhammad

Diego converted to Islam in 2013 and took the Islamic name Diego Muhammad bin Robbie Michiels.

Dub Yalil

The song was written during a period when Atlas was rediscovering her faith in Islam.

Edwin Samuel Montagu

On this subject, at the Council of Four on 17 May 1919, he introduced representatives of Muslim India (including the Aga Khan) and urged that Muslim peoples were beginning to see the Conference as "taking sides against Islam".

Fatah al-Islam

The PLO representative in Lebanon, Abbas Zaki also met with official bodies in Lebanon to officially inform them that the group is made up of "extremists" and is not linked with Palestinian agenda.

Henry Stanhope Freeman

Freeman agreed with the former explorer Richard Burton, who visited Lagos, that the blacks were more likely to be converted by Islam than by Christianity.

Ibn Selim el-Aswani

He was dispatched to the court of Georgios II by the Egyptian General Jawhar on behalf of the Caliph to demand the resumption of the baqt payments and to encourage the Makurians to convert to Islam.

Ibtihaj Muhammad

As a Muslim female growing up in an athletic household, Muhammad always wore long clothing under her athletic uniforms to conform with Islam's emphasis on modesty.

Independent films of Bangladesh

Some other good independent films of Bangladesh are: Chaka (1993) and Khelaghar (2006) by Morshedul Islam, Chitra Nadir Pare (1999) and Lalsalu (2001) by Tanvir Mokammel, Shankhonaad (2004) and Nirontor (2007) by Abu Sayeed, Muktir Gaan (1995), Ontarjatra (2006) by Tareque Masud and Catherine Masud, Swapnodanai (2007) by Golam Robbani Biplob.

IntelCenter

2 April 2008: An online audiofile, in which Al-Zawahiri called the United Nations an enemy of Islam, was released via IntelCenter by As-Sahab (according to IntelCenter).

Islam: The Straight Path

Muslim fundamental tenets of belief and practices are also discussed as is the development of Islamic theology, law and Sufism.

Islamic Academy

The Islamic Foundation Bangladesh, an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Religious Affairs in Bangladesh working to disseminate values and ideals of Islam and carry out activities related to those values and ideals

Kathleen Christison

The last seven years before her resignation from the agency in 1979 saw her work there centered on the Middle East; and according to Robert Dreyfuss's 2005 book Devil's Game: How The United States Helped Unleash Fundamentalist Islam (p.160), "Kathy Christison...headed the CIA's Egypt desk from 1973 to 1977."

Laurent Cleenewerck

He is also engaged in public debates and interested in constructive dialogue between Christianity and Islam.

Leonella

Leonella Sgorbati (1940–2006), an Italian Roman Catholic nun who was murdered in Somalia shortly after controversial comments by Pope Benedict XVI concerning Islam

Manolya Onur

She was also a granddaughter-in-law of His Imperial Majesty Sultan Abdülmecid II, Emperor of the Ottomans, Commander of the Faithful and "Successor of the Prophet of the Lord of the Universe and Caliph of Islam".

Mark R. Cohen

He is a leading scholar of the history of Jews in the Middle Ages under Islam.

Marriage in Islam

According to the Qur'an, a man may have up to four legal wives at any one time the restriction on the number was not customary before the advent of Islam in Arabia.

Maulana Naeem-ud-Deen Muradabadi

He visited Agra, Jaipur, Kishan Garh, Gobind Garh, Hawali of Ajmer, Mithar and Bharatpur to protest the 'Show Ali Movement' which was viewed as a threat to Islam in the region.

Mecca2Medina

They have worked with many new artists including with The Blind Alphabets and Mohammed Yahya, Missundastood of the USA, Poetic Pilgrimage, Pearls of Islam, Masika Feesibillah and Muslim Bilal.

Milhan

Rumaysa bint Milhan (medieval period), one of the earliest women converts to Islam in Yathrib

Nasi Lemak 2.0

an article by Fauziah Arof dated 21 September 2011 condemned Namewee for insulting the national anthem Negaraku, Islam and Malay race as a whole.

Night Journey

Isra and Mi'raj, a Night Journey taken by the Prophet Muhammad in 621, an event of major importance in Islam

Principles of Intelligent Urbanism

Islam Nazrul (2000): Urban Governance in Asia, Pathak Samabesh, Dhaka.

Rahsaan Islam

In 2013, Islam made his debut in international cinema with NEQUA Studio's Simanaheen opposite Ismat Alamgir.

Sir Walter Palmer, 1st Baronet

Their daughter, Gladys, married Bertram Willes Dayrell Brooke, of the family of the White Rajas of Sarawak, titled "His Highness The Tuan Muda of Sarawak" in 1904 and converted to Islam in the 1930s.

Timeline of the 2007 Lebanon conflict

The police and the army had conducted the raid after allegations that Fatah al-Islam members tried to rob a bank on Sunday and "take control of several security strongholds in the North" according to Ahmad Fatfat, Lebanese Minister of Youth and Sports in Prime Minister Fouad Siniora's cabinet.

Tor Andræ

As a historian of religion, his particular interest lay in the early history of Islam, particularly its Jewish and Christian origins, and in the psychology of religion, but he also combined these interests in the study of early Islamic mysticism.

Wanderings: Chaim Potok's History of the Jews

This monograph is divided into four sections with each comprising various chapters: Through Ancient Paganism (Sumer, Egypt, Canaan, Babylonia), Through Classical Paganism (Greece, Rome, Palestine), Through Islam and Christianity (Islam, Christianity), Inside Modern Paganism (Secularism).

Yaqeen

This is the repository of liberating experience in Islam.