Many republics with parliamentary systems elect their president indirectly (Germany, Italy, Estonia, Latvia, Hungary, India, Israel).
•
the United States Senate was indirectly elected by state legislatures until, after a number of attempts over the previous century, the 17th amendment to the constitution was ratified in 1913.
•
In the United States, most members of the Senate were elected by the legislatures of the states until 1913, when the Seventeenth Amendment instituted direct elections for those office-holders.
by-election | election | United States presidential election, 2004 | general election | primary election | United States presidential election, 2008 | Canadian federal election, 2004 | United Kingdom general election, 2010 | United States presidential election, 2000 | United States presidential election, 1884 | Australian federal election, 2007 | presidential election | United Kingdom general election, 1997 | Ontario general election, 1995 | United States presidential election, 1960 | Canadian federal election, 2006 | Canadian federal election, 1993 | Canadian federal election, 1988 | New Jersey gubernatorial election, 2009 | United Kingdom general election, February 1974 | Sri Lankan parliamentary election, 2010 | Canadian federal election, 1984 | United Kingdom general election, 1992 | Canadian federal election, 2000 | United States presidential election, 1992 | United States presidential election, 1988 | United States presidential election, 1972 | United Kingdom general election, 1945 | Canadian federal election, 2008 | United Kingdom general election, 2001 |
In 2004, Charles Pasqua was voted in as a senator by conservative electors of the Paris region (the Senate is elected by an electoral college).